Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the west by the Atlantic Ocean, to the south by the Mediterranean Sea, and to the east by the Ural Mountains and the Caspian Sea. Europe is known for its diverse cultures, languages, and histories, with many nations and ethnic groups. The continent is comprised of approximately 44 countries, including major countries like Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom.
Europe has been a significant center for art, philosophy, and scientific advancement throughout history, playing a crucial role in global events such as the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the two World Wars. It is also notable for its economic and political unions, such as the European Union (EU), which promotes integration and cooperation among member states.
Geographically, Europe features a range of landscapes, from mountains like the Alps and the Pyrenees to plains and fertile valleys. The continent is also characterized by its rich historical sites, landmarks, and cultural heritage that attract millions of tourists each year.